According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, half of the patients in the world do not use drugs correctly. In China, drug safety is equally urgent. An online survey involving 450000 copies shows that 90% of people have misconceptions about drug use. On September 11, the State Food and Drug Administration released the latest information on safe drug use among residents, reminding everyone to pay attention to the following 10 drug use misunderstandings that are most likely to be ignored.
1. Indiscriminate use of painkillers can lead to death
Many people often take painkillers no matter what pain they have. Little do they realize that there are potential dangers in taking painkillers indiscriminately for a long time. The first is the stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. Aspirin, indomethacin and other drugs may stimulate the gastric mucosa, cause serious gastrointestinal reactions, induce gastric ulcer, and even gastric bleeding and perforation. The second is kidney injury. Third, it may induce cardiovascular disease. Fourth, psychological dependence. In addition, because painkillers cover up the condition, people are likely to miss the best treatment time, such as cancer.
Correct practice: if you suddenly have acute and severe pain of unknown reasons, especially head, chest, stomach, abdominal pain, etc., you should go to the hospital in time to find out the cause, and never take painkillers yourself. For mild headache, toothache, and aches all over the body, you can buy corresponding antipyretic and analgesic drugs after you know the cause. However, if there is no effect after three days of continuous administration, you should go to the hospital for examination. The most important thing is that you should not take painkillers more than the maximum dose specified in the instructions, nor increase the number of times.
2. Vitamin overdose can also “poison”
If the dose of vitamin supplement exceeds the upper limit of the human body, side effects will occur. For example, fat soluble vitamins are discharged from the body slowly, and excessive intake will increase the risk of poisoning. For infants and young children, excessive vitamin A supplementation may cause vomiting, dry skin and other symptoms. Children whose fontanel (sound x ì n) door is not closed may have abnormal bulging of the fontanel due to increased brain pressure. Excessive vitamin D not only can not promote bone growth, but also may make children’s epiphysis close prematurely, affecting bone development.
Correct practice: healthy people with a regular diet generally do not need to be supplemented. People who have been diagnosed with vitamin deficiency, people who eat or lose weight, pregnant women, elderly people with poor digestion and absorption and special disease groups can be supplemented appropriately under the guidance of doctors. In addition, people who have irregular meals, work in high temperature and cold environment all the year round, and have bad habits such as smoking, drinking and staying up late can also take vitamin supplements appropriately. When taking any kind of vitamin, you should see the dosage clearly, and it is best not to take it for more than 5 consecutive days. If children need vitamin D supplementation after examination, they should choose the corresponding dose under the guidance of doctors. In addition, it is better not to eat vitamins on an empty stomach, especially fat soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, e and K.
3. Lozenges as snacks
There are two main types of lozenges: one is containing western medicine ingredients, and the commonly used ones are HuaSu tablets and lysozyme tablets; The other is the traditional Chinese medicine lozenges, commonly used are Yinhuang buccal tablets and Caoshanhu buccal tablets. They contain the extract of honeysuckle or iodine with antimicrobial effect, which can kill or inhibit bacteria to a certain extent. However, if it is taken in the absence of inflammation in the mouth or when the cause of inflammation is not clear, it is easy to inhibit and kill the normal flora in the mouth, which may lead to oral ulcer, tonsillitis and other diseases. In addition, borneol, an ingredient in many lozenges, is cold in nature, which may aggravate the deficiency of the spleen and stomach, cause diarrhea, and easily cause abortion of pregnant women.
Correct practice: those who need throat lozenges should follow the instructions and never overdose them. When using, put the lozenge on the root of the tongue, close to the throat; Don’t chew, swallow and talk less; It is better not to eat, drink water or rinse your mouth within 30 minutes after taking the tablets. People with poor gastrointestinal function should not take lozenges containing borneol for a long time.
4. Indiscriminate use of band aid causes infection
Band aid is not a “universal patch” for all wounds. Its basic function is to stop bleeding, and it can not completely achieve antibacterial disinfection. In addition, its water absorption and permeability are poor, once used improperly, it will cause wound infection. The situations where band aids should not be used are: wounds with more bleeding; A small deep wound; Animal bites and stings; Furuncle and swelling of skin; Heavily polluted wounds; Infected wounds; Severe or wide skin abrasion; Burn or scalded wound.
Correct practice: the band aid is only applicable to small wounds that do not hurt the muscle layer, have little bleeding and do not need to be sutured. In use, unless the wound is not wetted by water or contaminated, it is not necessary to change the band aid within 24 hours, otherwise it should be replaced in time.
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